In preparation for gray zone or conventional warfare conducted by Russian or Chinese adversaries and their proxies, threatened nations can apply a Total Defense approach to safeguard their territorial integrity and political sovereignty. Two key components for any effective Total Defense concept are national special operations forces (SOF) and volunteer, citizen-soldier territorial defense forces (TDF). This article examines the role of special operations forces as significant multi-dimensional, entrepreneurial integrators in Total Defense. In particular, it demonstrates the symbiotic relationship between special operations and territorial defense forces in the complex mission of national resistance during crisis and occupation.
Straipsnyje analizuojamas paskutinis lietuvių rašytojo Ričardo Gavelio romanas „Sun-Tzu gyvenimas šventame Vilniaus mieste“. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas kūri nio protagonisto savimonei ir santykiui su Vilniaus miesto tikrove nagrinėti. Straipsnyje taip pat aptariami ankstesnieji tekstai, kuriuose kalbama apie minėtą Gavelio romaną: Violetos Kelertienės pokolonijinių tyrimų ir Jūratės Čerškutės disertacinio dekonstrukcinio darbo išva dos. Straipsnio pabaigoje išvedama, kad pagrindinis „Sun-Tzu gyvenimo šventame Vilniaus mieste“ veikėjas yra specifiškai susijęs su pačiu autoriumi ir jo lūpomis perteikiamas galutinis, testamentinis Gavelio pasaulėvaizdis ir atsakymai į viso gyvenimo klausimus: kas nulemia neapykantą Vilniui ir koks yra individo vaidmuo istoriniame kontekste, prie kurio pritapti nie kada nesiekta ir net nebandyta? Žmogiškoji būtis Gaveliui – tai permanentinis karas su tikrais ar įsivaizduojamais priešais. Paskutiniame romane ši kova vyksta daugiausia požeminiame, pogrin džio Vilniuje – alternatyvioje autoriaus tikrovėje.
The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship that the protagonist of Ričardas Gavelis’ novel Sun-Tzu’s Life in the Holy City of Vilnius has to the place, as well as his own paranoid character in post-Soviet reality. Taking into account the previous studies of Gavelis’ work, the article applies the theory of topophilic analysis – which has not been used so far to understand the writer’s oeuvre – that French literary scholar Gaston Bachelard and his follower Denis Sobolev have developed, along with the methodology that post-modern psycho analysis (mainly Slavoj Žižek) offers, which allows us to arrive at a number of propositions that significantly complement the literary treatment of the writer’s last piece.
The Lithuanian writer Ričardas Gavelis is best known to readers in the Western world as the author of the novel Vilnius Poker. According to many reviewers of the book and numerous scholars who have studied it in Lithuania and other countries, this work is a phantasmagoric epic of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, in the late Soviet and early post-Soviet eras.
Gavelis still represents, and is identified in Lithuania and in post-Soviet space with, a specific type of author who is characterized by isolation from social life, lockdown in his own home, and writing based on his previous experience of self-isolation and inwardness. This kind of wri ter does not maintain any communication with the outside world and, in a sense, is antisocial – but at the same time, he does not lack the ambition to make his life meaningful by writing and to write into a literary history that may one day recognize such an author as a classic.
In this paper, we study the stochastic three-dimensional modified Leray-alpha model arising from the turbulent flows of fluids. We prove the existence of the probabilistic weak solution under the non-Lipschitz condition for the nonlinear forcing terms. We also discuss its uniqueness.
In this paper, we study the stochastic three-dimensional modified Leray-alpha model arising from the turbulent flows of fluids. We prove the existence of the probabilistic weak solution under the non-Lipschitz condition for the nonlinear forcing terms. We also discuss its uniqueness.
The paper discusses several techniques which may be used for applying the coupling method to solutions of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). The coupling techniques traditionally consist of two components: one is local mixing, the other is recurrence. Often in the articles they do not split. Yet, they are quite different in their nature, and this paper separates them, concentrating only on the former.
Most of the techniques discussed here work in dimension $d\ge 1$, although, in $d=1$ there is one additional option to use intersections of trajectories, which requires nothing but the strong Markov property and nondegeneracy of the diffusion coefficient. In dimensions $d>1$ it is possible to use embedded Markov chains either by considering discrete times $n=0,1,\dots $, or by arranging special stopping time sequences and to use the local Markov–Dobrushin (MD) condition, which is one of the most efficient versions of local mixing. Further applications may be based on one or another version of the MD condition; respectively, this paper is devoted to various methods of verifying one or another form of it.
The paper discusses several techniques which may be used for applying the coupling method to solutions of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). The coupling techniques traditionally consist of two components: one is local mixing, the other is recurrence. Often in the articles they do not split. Yet, they are quite different in their nature, and this paper separates them, concentrating only on the former.
Most of the techniques discussed here work in dimension $d\ge 1$, although, in $d=1$ there is one additional option to use intersections of trajectories, which requires nothing but the strong Markov property and nondegeneracy of the diffusion coefficient. In dimensions $d>1$ it is possible to use embedded Markov chains either by considering discrete times $n=0,1,\dots $, or by arranging special stopping time sequences and to use the local Markov–Dobrushin (MD) condition, which is one of the most efficient versions of local mixing. Further applications may be based on one or another version of the MD condition; respectively, this paper is devoted to various methods of verifying one or another form of it.
The existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution is proven for the system of stochastic differential equations describing a nonautonomous stochastic predator–prey model with a modified version of the Leslie–Gower term and Holling-type II functional response disturbed by white noise, centered and noncentered Poisson noises. Sufficient conditions are obtained for stochastic ultimate boundedness, stochastic permanence, nonpersistence in the mean, weak persistence in the mean and extinction of a solution to the considered system.
The existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution is proven for the system of stochastic differential equations describing a nonautonomous stochastic predator–prey model with a modified version of the Leslie–Gower term and Holling-type II functional response disturbed by white noise, centered and noncentered Poisson noises. Sufficient conditions are obtained for stochastic ultimate boundedness, stochastic permanence, nonpersistence in the mean, weak persistence in the mean and extinction of a solution to the considered system.
This paper investigates sample paths properties of φ-sub-Gaussian processes by means of entropy methods. Basing on a particular entropy integral, we treat the questions on continuity and the rate of growth of sample paths. The obtained results are then used to investigate the sample paths properties for a particular class of φ-sub-Gaussian processes related to the random heat equation. We derive the estimates for the distribution of suprema of such processes and evaluate their rate of growth.
This paper investigates sample paths properties of φ-sub-Gaussian processes by means of entropy methods. Basing on a particular entropy integral, we treat the questions on continuity and the rate of growth of sample paths. The obtained results are then used to investigate the sample paths properties for a particular class of φ-sub-Gaussian processes related to the random heat equation. We derive the estimates for the distribution of suprema of such processes and evaluate their rate of growth.